英语考点分析之【虚拟语气二】

l ）谈论事实上不存在或不可能发生的事情时，可使用虚拟条件句。如果与现在情况相反，从句用一般过去时（be动词一概用were ) ，主句用would ＋动词原形；与过去情况相反，从句用过去完成时，主句用would + have ＋过去分词；与将来情况相反，从句用were to（表示建议或发生的可能性较小）或should（表示不大可能发生），主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形。

2 ）倒装现象。从句的谓语动词如果使用了were，had，should时，可以把if省略，并把这些词放在从句主语之前。例如：Were it not for his wife’ support, he would never be a successful director.／Had 1 known about it, 1 would have told you the truth./Should you change your mind, let us know. 
3 ）混合虚拟，即主句和从句所指的时间不一致。此时需要对相关的动词形式作调整。例如：If he hadn’t spent so much money, he would be rich today.这一句中，从句是指过去，而主句说的是现在。但在接下来这一句中，从句说的是通常情况，而主句指的是过去:If he were a good student, he would have prepared for the test. 
2 ．含蓄条件句
有时，假设条件并没有用if从句的形式表示出来，而是用一个介词短语来表达。通常使用的介词有without或but for。例如：Without your help，1 would never have succeeded./But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.

【典型题例分析】
1. ­­_____harder, you would not have failed in the final exam . 
A. If you have worked B. Had you worked 
C．Were you to work D. If you worked 
（选B。本题考查表示过去事实的虚拟从句的倒装。）
2. If I_____breakfast in the morning, 1 would not be so hungry now . 
A. had B. had had C. have D. has had 
（选B。本题考查混合虚拟从句谓语的选用。）
3. But for the rush hour traffic, we_____to the airport an hour earlier. 
A. could have got B. should have got 
C. could get D. should get 
（选A。本题考查含蓄条件句。选项A表示“本可以提早到达”；选项B表示“本应该提早到达”；选项C和选项D 表达的时间有误。）

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